Front Cover: Hollywood Bowl Shell. Courtesy of Music Center Archives.

Frontispiece: Map of southern California, c. 1920. Courtesy of The Huntington Library, San Marino, California

Fig. 1.1: Map of downtown Los Angeles, c. 1920. Courtesy of The Huntington Library, San Marino, California

Fig. 1.2: Main Street and Second, looking north, with Grand Opera House on right, c. 1889. Courtesy of Seaver Center for Western History Research, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County

Fig. 1.3: Hazard’s Pavilion, exterior view. Courtesy of Regional History Collection, Department of Special Collections, University of Southern California

Fig. 1.4: Los Angeles Theatre, interior and exterior views. Courtesy of Seaver Center for Western History Research, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County

Fig. 1.5: National Opera Company, 1887. Courtesy of Seaver Center for Western History Research, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County

Fig. 1.6: Adolph Willhartitz. Courtesy of Los Angeles Philharmonic Archives

Fig. 1.7: Harley Hamilton. Courtesy of The Huntington Library, San Marino, California

Fig. 1.8: Lynden Behymer. Courtesy of Glenarvon Behymer, Jr.

Fig. 2.1: Miguel Arévalo, c. 1872. Courtesy of Security Pacific Historical Photograph Collection, Los Angeles Public Library

Fig. 2.2: Heinrich von Stein, c. 1911. Courtesy of Cambria Archives

Fig. 2.3: Neighborhood Music School, current view. Courtesy of Neighborhood Music School Association

Fig. 2.4: William Wilkins with class, c. 1932. Courtesy of Security Pacific Historical Photograph Collection, Los Angeles Public Library

Fig. 2.5: Walter Henry Rothwell. Courtesy of Los Angeles Philharmonic Archives

Fig. 2.6: Philharmonic Auditorium, exterior view. Courtesy of Music Center Archives

Fig. 2.7: Philharmonic Auditorium, interior view. Courtesy of Los Angeles Philharmonic Archives

Fig. 3.1: Founders in dish: Charles Toberman, Harriet Grey, Mr. Sibertson, Artie Mason Carter, Frederick Blanchard, unidentified, Ellis Reed. Courtesy of Music Center Archives

Fig. 3.2: Easter Sunrise Service, 1924. Courtesy of Music Center Archives

Fig. 3.3: Founders and patrons signing up, 1927. Courtesy of Music Center Archives

Fig. 3.4: Hollywood Bowl shell, 1930. Courtesy of Music Center Archives

Fig. 3.5: Eugene Goossens. Courtesy of Music Center Archives

Fig. 3.6: Princess Tsianina. Courtesy of Music Center Archives

Fig. 4.1: John Steven McGroarty. Courtesy of The Huntington Library, San Marino, California

Fig. 4.2: Juan Zorraquinos and Juanita Vigares. Courtesy of The Huntington Library, San Marino, California

Fig. 4.3: Fiesta scene, Spanish dancers and musicians. Courtesy of The Huntington Library, San Marino, California

Fig. 4.4: Garnet Holme. Courtesy of The Huntington Library, San Marino, California

Fig. 4.5: José Arias and Troubadours. Courtesy of Courtesy of Ramona Pageant Association

Fig. 4.6: Indian Christening scene, Ramona Pageant. Courtesy of Courtesy of Ramona Pageant Association

Fig. 5.1: Manuela García. Courtesy of The Huntington Library, San Marino, California

Fig. 5.2: Rosendo Uruchurtu. Courtesy of The Huntington Library, San Marino, California

Fig. 5.3: Charles Wakefield Cadman, Margaret Messer Morris, Arthur Alexander. Courtesy of Music Center Archives

Fig. 6.1: KECA Program, 1935: Beethoven. Courtesy of Cambria Archives

Fig. 6.2: KECA Survey, 1936. Courtesy of Cambria Archives

Fig. 7.1: Max Steiner. Courtesy of Bison Archives

Fig. 7.2: Erich Wolfgang Korngold. Courtesy of Bison Archives

Fig. 7.3: Alfred Newman. Courtesy of Bison Archives